Want to understand more about the eYield Simulator? Browse or search our Glossary, below, or Contact Us for more information.
- Basal Area
- This is a measure of the average amount of area occupied by tree stems. Measured at breast height (4.5 feet above ground), it represents the density per acre, in square feet, of tree boles. This is often found directly through wedge prism sampling or through fixed area plot sampling and application of the forester’s constant (0.005454 DBH2).
- Financial Transactions
- Depreciable Asset Expense
- This is a deduction as defined by the IRS tax code, which allows the owner to deduct a portion of specific land improvements such as fences and bridges, which may deteriorate over time. Currently, there are six classes of these recognized in eYield, ranging from 3-year to 20-year periods in which the costs can be recovered, using specific depreciation rates for tax purchases.
- 3-year: over-the-road tractor.
- 5-year: computer, light general-purpose (pickup) trucks, logging machinery, and equipment, portable sawmills, over-the-road trailers, office machinery (calculators, copiers).
- 7-year: office furniture, any property that does not have a class life and has not been designated by law as being in any other class.
- 10-year: single purpose agricultural structure.
- 15-year: land improvements, drainage culverts, fences, temporary roads, the surface of permanent roads, bridges.
- 20-year: farm building.
- Land Depletion Account Capital Expense
- This is the removal of any kind of natural resource that lessens the value of a piece of land.
- Ordinary Deductible Expense
- These are regular deductions that are common and accepted within a trade or a business and allowed as deductions for tax purposes within the year they were incurred.
- Reforestation Expense
- This is a deduction for the costs of qualifying reforestation expenses. The amount is recognized in the year that it was incurred. For tax purposes, a reforestation amortization amount is calculated for eight years (the current year and seven subsequent years) using specific rates (1/14 of the amount for the current and last year, and 1/7 for all other years).
- Log Rule
- Doyle
- One of the oldest log rules, used primarily for hardwood logs in the eastern and southern United States. This rule uses a slabbing allowance of 4 inches and 4.5% reduction in log volume due to sawdust and shrinkage. This rule also does not account for taper treating the log as a cylinder. This rule may underestimate large and overestimate small logs.
- International
- This rule treats logs less like cylinders and more like cones in an attempt to compensate for the taper of a log. This is done by assuming a taper of ½-inch over a 4-foot section of a log resulting in a taper of 2 inches over 16 feet.
- Scribner
- This rule uses the smaller end of the cross-section of a log to estimate the number of 1-inch boards that can be produced.
- Pulpwood Top Diameter
- This is the minimum diameter of a tree bole that will be used to calculate volumetric pulpwood.
- Reference Year
- This is the year associated with the stand age. It is assumed that the data is also consistent with the reference year and will be used as the starting point for the simulations. Users will need to ensure that this is the case, as eYield does not adjust input data to make it consistent with the initial stand age.